More from Bank of Japan Governor Kuroda: Continued powerful monetary easing

Bank of Japan Governor Kuroda comments from earlier:

• Bank of Japan Governor Kuroda says massive bond buying may hurt market functioning

Adding more now:

• Japan's economy continues to pick up as a trend
• BOJ must continue to support economy's recovery from pandemic with powerful monetary easing
• expected rise in inflation is driven mostly by energy costs, lacking sustainability
• we aren't seeing signs of sharp rise in medium-, long-term  inflation  Inflation Inflation is defined as a quantitative measure of the rate in which the average price level of goods and services in an economy or country increases over a period of time. It is the rise in the general level of prices where a given currency effectively buys less than it did in prior periods.In terms of assessing the strength or currencies, and by extension foreign exchange, inflation or measures of it are extremely influential. Inflation stems from the overall creation of money. This money is measured by the level of the total money supply of a specific currency, for example the US dollar, which is constantly increasing. However, an increase in the money supply does not necessarily mean that there is inflation. What leads to inflation is a faster increase in the money supply in relation to the wealth produced (measured with GDP). As such, this generates pressure of demand on a supply that does not increase at the same rate. The consumer price index then increases, generating inflation.How Does Inflation Affect Forex?The level of inflation has a direct impact on the exchange rate between two currencies on several levels.This includes purchasing power parity, which attempts to compare different purchasing powers of each country according to the general price level. In doing so, this makes it possible to determine the country with the most expensive cost of living.The currency with the higher inflation rate consequently loses value and depreciates, while the currency with the lower inflation rate appreciates on the forex market.Interest rates are also impacted. Inflation rates that are too high push interest rates up, which has the effect of depreciating the currency on foreign exchange. Conversely, inflation that is too low (or deflation) pushes interest rates down, which has the effect of appreciating the currency on the forex market. Inflation is defined as a quantitative measure of the rate in which the average price level of goods and services in an economy or country increases over a period of time. It is the rise in the general level of prices where a given currency effectively buys less than it did in prior periods.In terms of assessing the strength or currencies, and by extension foreign exchange, inflation or measures of it are extremely influential. Inflation stems from the overall creation of money. This money is measured by the level of the total money supply of a specific currency, for example the US dollar, which is constantly increasing. However, an increase in the money supply does not necessarily mean that there is inflation. What leads to inflation is a faster increase in the money supply in relation to the wealth produced (measured with GDP). As such, this generates pressure of demand on a supply that does not increase at the same rate. The consumer price index then increases, generating inflation.How Does Inflation Affect Forex?The level of inflation has a direct impact on the exchange rate between two currencies on several levels.This includes purchasing power parity, which attempts to compare different purchasing powers of each country according to the general price level. In doing so, this makes it possible to determine the country with the most expensive cost of living.The currency with the higher inflation rate consequently loses value and depreciates, while the currency with the lower inflation rate appreciates on the forex market.Interest rates are also impacted. Inflation rates that are too high push interest rates up, which has the effect of depreciating the currency on foreign exchange. Conversely, inflation that is too low (or deflation) pushes interest rates down, which has the effect of appreciating the currency on the forex market. Read this Term expectations in japan
• we will seek to achieve 2% inflation sustainably, stably by creaing cycle in which rising wages push up households' real income
• covid pandemic continues to exert downward pressure on economy
• recent rise in commodity prices is hurting economy by reducing real income

• Japan's inflation situation is completely different from that of US, Europe

• uncertainty regarding economic outlook heightening sharply

• in times like now when uncertainty is high, central banks must conduct monetary policy by examining various data broadly without any preset idea

• there is risk Ukraine crisis could hurt global economy further, trigger sharp volatility in commodity prices

• there is risk markets, including forex, could destabilise as advanced economies accelerate withdrawal of stimulus

• must be mindful that sharp fx volatility would hurt economy

• BOJ will carefully watch impact of market volatility on economy, prices

• short-term inflation expectations among households, firms, market participants are clearly heightening

more to come